Components & Cladding¶

The Components & Cladding tab implements Chapter 30 of ASCE 7 for calculating wind pressures on building envelope components.

Key Features¶

• Multi-region support for walls, roofs, and parapets
• Automatic zone-based GCp calculations from effective areas
• Walls ≤60ft and Walls >60ft procedures per Sections 30.3 and 30.5
• Roof zones (1, 1', 2, 3) with shape-specific coefficients
• Parapet combined pressure calculations (P1-P4)
• Case 1 (+GCpi) and Case 2 (-GCpi) pressure tables
• Summary view with comprehensive pressure output

Getting Started¶

1. Configure General Requirements (wind speed, exposure, enclosure)
2. Click the Components & Cladding tab header
3. Click + Add C&C Region to add a region
4. Select the region type (Walls ≤60ft, Walls >60ft, Roofs, or Parapets)
5. Configure region parameters (height, slope, dimensions)
6. Add effective areas to calculate zone pressures
7. Review Case 1 and Case 2 pressure tables

C&C Region Types¶

The module supports three C&C region types, each with specific parameters and zone definitions:

• Walls ≤60ft: Wall pressures for buildings with mean roof height ≤ 60 ft
• Roofs: Roof pressures with zone-based GCp values
• Parapets: Parapet pressures combining wall and roof zones

Adding C&C Regions¶

1. Click + Add C&C Region at the top of the panel
2. Select the region type from the menu
3. Configure region parameters
4. Add effective areas for pressure calculations

Walls Less Than 60 ft¶

For buildings with mean roof height not exceeding 60 ft, wall C&C pressures are calculated using simplified provisions per ASCE 7-16 Section 30.3.

Parameters¶

• Region Description: Descriptive name for the wall region
• Mean Roof Height, h: Building height (0-60 ft range)
• Roof Slope, θ: Roof angle in degrees (0-45° range)
• Least Horizontal Dimension: Smallest plan dimension
• Internal Pressure Coefficient, GCpi: From General Requirements
• Edge Region Distance, a: Calculated per Section 30.3
• Velocity Pressure, q_h: Calculated at mean roof height

Wall Zones¶

Wall C&C pressures use zone definitions from Figure 30.3-1: - Zone 4: Interior wall zones - Zone 5: Corner wall zones (width = a)

Effective Areas¶

1. Click Add Effective Area to add rows
2. Enter the tributary area in square feet
3. GCp values are interpolated based on effective area
4. Design pressures calculate automatically for Case 1 and Case 2

Case 1 (+GCpi)¶

Case 1 applies positive internal pressure coefficient, resulting in maximum outward pressures on leeward and side walls.

Case 2 (-GCpi)¶

Case 2 applies negative internal pressure coefficient, resulting in maximum inward pressures on windward walls.

Walls Greater Than 60 ft¶

For buildings with mean roof height exceeding 60 ft, wall C&C pressures are calculated per ASCE 7-16 Section 30.5 with elevation-dependent velocity pressures.

Wall Design Pressure Equation¶

Wall pressures are calculated using Equation 30.5-1:

p = q(GCp) - qi(GCpi)

Where: - q = velocity pressure at the elevation of the component - GCp = external pressure coefficient from Figure 30.5-1 - qi = velocity pressure for internal pressure (at mean roof height) - GCpi = internal pressure coefficient

Parameters¶

• Region Description: Descriptive name for the wall region
• Mean Roof Height, h: Building height (greater than 60 ft)
• Least Horizontal Dimension: Smallest plan dimension
• Internal Pressure Coefficient, GCpi: From General Requirements
• Edge Region Distance, a: Calculated per Section 30.3
• Velocity Pressure, q_h: Calculated at mean roof height

Wall Zones¶

Wall C&C pressures for buildings over 60 ft use zone definitions from Figure 30.5-1: - Zone 4: Interior wall zones - Zone 5: Corner wall zones (width = a)

Effective Areas with Elevation¶

For walls greater than 60 ft, each effective area row includes: - Effective Area, sqft: Tributary area of the component - Elevation of Component: Height of component above grade - q: Velocity pressure at component elevation - qi: Velocity pressure for internal pressure

Case 1 (+GCpi)¶

Case 1 applies positive internal pressure coefficient for maximum outward pressures.

Case 2 (-GCpi)¶

Case 2 applies negative internal pressure coefficient for maximum inward pressures.

Roofs¶

Roof C&C pressures account for multiple zones with varying pressure coefficients per ASCE 7-16 Section 30.3.

Roof Design Pressure Equation¶

Roof pressures are calculated using Equation 30.3-1:

p = qh[(GCp) - (GCpi)]

Where: - q_h = velocity pressure at mean roof height - GCp = external pressure coefficient from Figure 30.3-2 - GCpi = internal pressure coefficient

Parameters¶

• Region Description: Descriptive name for the roof region
• Enclosure Classification: Displays value from General Requirements
• Roof Shape: FLAT, GABLE, HIP, or MONOSLOPE
• Mean Roof Height, h: Building height
• Roof Slope, θ: Roof angle in degrees
• Least Horizontal Dimension: Smallest plan dimension
• Internal Pressure Coefficient, GCpi: From General Requirements
• Edge Region Distance, a: Calculated per Section 30.3
• Velocity Pressure, q_h: Calculated at mean roof height
• Include Overhang: Check to include overhang pressures

Roof Zones¶

Roof C&C pressures use zone definitions from Figure 30.3-2: - Zone 1': Interior roof zone (low slope, flat roofs only) - Zone 1: Interior roof zone - Zone 2: Edge zones (width = a from edge) - Zone 3: Corner zones (a × a at corners)

Effective Areas¶

1. Click Add Effective Area to add rows
2. Enter the tributary area in square feet
3. GCp values display for all zones based on effective area
4. Design pressures calculate for Case 1 (+GCpi) and Case 2 (-GCpi)

Case 1 (+GCpi)¶

Case 1 applies positive internal pressure coefficient, resulting in maximum uplift pressures.

Case 2 (-GCpi)¶

Case 2 applies negative internal pressure coefficient, reducing net uplift pressures.

Parapets¶

Parapet C&C pressures combine wall and roof zone pressures per ASCE 7-16 Section 30.8.

Parapet Design Pressure Equation¶

Parapet pressures are calculated using Equation 30.8-1:

p = q(GCpn)

Where: - q = velocity pressure at top of parapet - GCpn = combined net pressure coefficient

Parameters¶

• Parapet Region Description: Descriptive name for the parapet
• Mean Roof Height, h: Building height
• Roof Shape: Select roof shape type
• Roof Slope, θ: Roof angle in degrees
• Structure Width, B: Building width perpendicular to parapet

Parapet Inputs¶

Each parapet row includes: - Top of Parapet Elevation: Height of parapet top - Effective Area: Tributary area in square feet - Walls Zone below Parapet: ZONE 4 or ZONE 5 - Roof Zone at Parapet: ZONE 1, ZONE 2, or ZONE 3 - Parapet Porosity: FULLY ENCLOSED, PARTIALLY ENCLOSED, OPEN, or PARTIALLY OPEN

Parapet Pressures¶

The module calculates four pressure cases combining wall and roof GCp values: - P1: Positive pressure on windward face (wall +GCp combined with roof -GCp) - P2: Negative pressure on windward face (wall -GCp combined with roof -GCp) - P3: Positive pressure on leeward face (wall +GCp combined with roof +GCp) - P4: Negative pressure on leeward face (wall -GCp combined with roof +GCp)

Case 1 (+GCpi)¶

Case 1 applies positive internal pressure coefficient to parapet pressures.

Case 2 (-GCpi)¶

Case 2 applies negative internal pressure coefficient to parapet pressures.

C&C Summary¶

Click the Summary tab to view all C&C calculations. The summary provides a comprehensive report including:

• Wall Regions: Parameters, GCp values, and design pressures for both Case 1 and Case 2
• Roof Regions: Parameters, zone-based GCp values, and design pressures for all zones
• Parapet Regions: Configurations, combined GCp values, and P1-P4 design pressures
• Code References: ASCE 7-16 equation and section references for each calculation

The summary displays: - Region parameters with code references - GCp coefficient tables by effective area and zone - Design pressure tables for Case 1 (+GCpi) and Case 2 (-GCpi) - Notes on sign conventions and minimum pressure requirements

Best Practices¶

Region Organization¶

• Create separate regions for distinct cladding conditions
• Use the appropriate wall procedure based on mean roof height (≤60ft vs >60ft)
• Model different roof areas separately when shapes or slopes vary

Effective Area Selection¶

• Use actual tributary areas for cladding components and fasteners
• Include multiple effective areas to cover range of cladding elements
• Consider both large panels and small fasteners in your analysis

Zone Considerations¶

• Identify corner and edge zones on architectural drawings
• Apply Zone 2 and Zone 3 coefficients to edge and corner cladding
• Document zone widths (dimension "a") for cladding specifications

Parapet Design¶

• Configure parapet pressures using appropriate wall and roof zone combinations
• Consider all four pressure cases (P1-P4) for parapet coping design
• Account for parapet porosity effects on pressure calculations

Code Reference¶

Components and cladding per ASCE 7-16:

• Chapter 30: Wind Loads on C&C
• Section 30.3: Low-Rise Buildings (h ≤ 60 ft)
• Section 30.5: Buildings with h > 60 ft
• Section 30.8: Parapets
• Figure 30.3-1: Wall Zones and GCp Values (h ≤ 60 ft)
• Figure 30.3-2: Roof Zones and GCp Values
• Figure 30.5-1: Wall Zones and GCp Values (h > 60 ft)
• Equation 30.3-1: C&C Design Pressure (Low-Rise)
• Equation 30.5-1: C&C Design Pressure (All Heights)
• Equation 30.8-1: Parapet Design Pressure